| Family |
Species |
Common name |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
| | |
Please refer to footnotes for an explanation of the codes. |
| |
| Aceraceae |
Acer negundo L. |
Box elder |
3 | | 3 | 2 | | 2 | 2 | | 2 | 2 | 2 | | |
FAC+ |
W-TREE |
|
Acer platanoides L. |
Norway maple |
0 | | | | 3 | | | | | | | 3 | |
UPL |
W-TREE |
|
Acer pseudoplatanus L. |
Sycamore maple |
0 | | | | | | | | | | | 1 | |
|
W-TREE |
|
Acer rubrum L. |
Red maple |
2 | | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | | 2 | 3 | |
FACW |
W-TREE |
|
Acer saccharinum L. |
Silver maple |
3 | | | 1 | | | | | | | | | |
FACW |
W-TREE |
|
Acer saccharum Marshall |
Sugar maple |
6 | | | | | 2 | | | | | | 3 | |
FACU |
W-TREE |
| |
| Amaranthaceae |
Amaranthus hybridus L. |
Pigweed |
0 | | | | | | | | | 2 | | | |
|
A-HERB |
|
Amaranthus powellii S.Watson |
Amaranth |
0 | | | | | | | | | 2 | | | |
|
A-HERB |
| |
| Anacardiaceae |
Rhus glabra L. |
Smooth sumac |
2 | | | 2 | | | | | 2 | 2 | | | |
|
W-SHRUB |
|
Rhus typhina L. |
Staghorn sumac |
2 | | | | | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | | | 1 |
|
W-SHRUB |
|
Toxicodendron radicans (L.) Kuntze |
Poison ivy |
1 | | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | | 2 | 2 | 2 | | 3 | |
FAC |
H-VINE |
| |
| Apicaeae |
Aegopodium podagraria L. |
Goutweed |
0 | | | | | | | | | | | 1 | |
FACU |
P-HERB |
|
Daucus carota L. |
Queen Anne's lace |
0 | | 3 | | 2 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 3 |
|
B-HERB |
|
Osmorhiza claytonii (Michx.)
C.B.Clarke |
Sweet cicely |
5 | | | 2 | 2 | | | 2 | | | | 3 | |
FACU- |
P-HERB |
|
Osmorhiza longistylis (Torr.) DC. |
Aniseroot |
5 | | | 1 | | | | | | | | | |
FACU |
P-HERB |
|
Pastinaca sativa L. |
Wild parsnip |
0 | | | 2 | | | | 1 | 1 | | 2 | | 2 |
|
P-HERB |
|
Sanicula marilandica L. |
Black snakeroot |
5 | | | | | | | | | | | 1 | |
UPL |
P-HERB |
|
Taenidia integerrima (L.) Drude |
Yellow-pimpernel |
6 | | | 1 | | | | | | | | | |
|
P-HERB |
|
Zizia aptera (A.Gray) Fernald |
Golden Alexanders |
| | | | | | | | | | | 1 | |
FAC |
P-HERB |
| |
| Apocynaceae |
Apocynum cannabinum L. |
Indian-hemp |
3 | | 3 | 2 | | 2 | 2 | | 2 | 2 | | | |
FACU |
P-HERB |
| |
| Araliaceae |
Aralia nudicaulis L. |
Wild sarsaparilla |
5 | | | | 2 | | | | | | | 2 | |
FACU |
P-HERB |
|
Aralia racemosa L. |
Spikenard |
8 | | | 1 | | | | | | | | | |
|
P-HERB |
|
Panax quinquifolius L. |
Ginseng |
8 | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|
P-HERB |
| |
| Asclepiadaceae |
Asclepias quadrifolia Jacq. |
Four-leaved milkweed |
7 | | | | | | | | | | | 1 | |
|
P-HERB |
|
Asclepias syriaca L. |
Common milkweed |
0 | | 3 | | 1 | 2 | | | 2 | 3 | 3 | | 2 |
FACU- |
P-HERB |
|
Asclepias tuberosa L. |
Butterfly-weed |
6 | | | | | | | | | | | 1 | |
|
P-HERB |
| |
| Asteraceae |
Achillea millefolium L. |
Yarrow |
0 | | 2 | 2 | | 2 | 2 | | 2 | 2 | | 2 | |
FACU |
P-HERB |
|
Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. |
Common ragweed |
0 | | 4 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | | | | | 2 |
FACU |
P-HERB |
|
Antennaria neglecta Greene |
Everlasting |
2 | | | | | | | | | | | 2 | |
UPL |
P-HERB |
|
Anthemis arvensis L. |
Corn chamomile |
0 | | | | | | | | | | | | 2 |
|
P-HERB |
|
Arctium minus(Hill) Bernh. |
Burdock |
0 | | 3 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | | 2 |
FACU- |
B-HERB |
|
Artemisia vulgaris L. |
Common mugwort |
0 | | 1 | | | | | | | | | | |
UPL |
P-HERB |
|
Aster cordifolius L. |
Blue wood aster |
5 | | | | 1 | | | | | | | | |
|
P-HERB |
|
Aster divaricatus L. |
White wood aster |
5 | | | 2 | | | | | | | | | |
|
P-HERB |
|
Aster laevis L. |
Smooth blue aster |
6 | | | | | | | | | | | 1 | |
UPL |
P-HERB |
|
Aster lateriflorus (L.) Britton. |
Calico aster |
2 | | | | | | | 2 | 2 | | | | |
FACW- |
P-HERB |
|
Aster pilosus Willd. |
White aster |
1 | | 2 | | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | | 2 | | 2 | 2 |
UPL |
P-HERB |
|
Aster praealtus Poir. |
Veiny-leaved aster |
7 | | | | 1 | | | | | | | | |
FACW |
P-HERB |
|
Aster prenanthoides Muhl. |
Zig-zag aster |
3 | | | | | | | | | | | 1 | |
FAC |
P-HERB |
|
Aster umbellatus Mill. |
Flat-topped white aster |
2 | | | | | | | | | | | 1 | |
FACW |
P-HERB |
|
Cacalia atriplicifolia L. |
Pale Indian-plantain |
7 | | | | | | | | | | | 1 | |
|
P-HERB |
|
Carduus acanthoides L. |
Thistle |
0 | | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | | 2 |
|
P-HERB |
|
Carduus nutans L. |
Musk thistle |
0 | | | | | | | | | 1 | | | |
|
P-HERB |
|
Centaurea maculosa Lam. |
Spotted knapweed |
0 | | 2 | 2 | | | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | | |
|
B-HERB |
|
Chrysanthemum leucanthemum L. |
Oxeye daisy |
0 | | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 2 | | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 |
|
P-HERB |
|
Cichorium intybus L. |
Blue chicory |
0 | | 2 | | | 2 | 2 | 2 | | 2 | | | 3 |
|
P-HERB |
|
Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop. |
Canada thistle |
0 | | 3 | | | 2 | 3 | | 2 | 2 | 2 | | 2 |
FACU |
P-HERB |
|
Cirsium discolor (Muhl.) Spreng. |
Field thistle |
6 | | | 1 | | | | | | | | | |
UPL |
P-HERB |
|
Cirsium vulgare (Savi) Ten. |
Bull thistle |
0 | | 2 | | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | | 2 |
FACU- |
P-HERB |
|
Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronquist |
Horseweed |
0 | | | | 2 | 2 | | | | 2 | | | 2 |
UPL |
A-HERB |
|
Erechtites hieracifolia (L.) Raf. |
Fireweed |
3 | | | | | | | | 2 | 1 | | | |
FACU |
A-HERB |
|
Erigeron annuus (L.) Pers. |
Daisy fleabane |
1 | | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 3 |
FACU |
A-HERB |
|
Erigeron philadelphicus L. |
Daisy fleabane |
2 | | | | | 1 | | | | | | | |
FACU |
P-HERB |
|
Erigeron pulchellus Michx. |
Robin's-plantain |
6 | | | | 1 | | | | | | | 1 | | FACU |
P-HERB |
|
Erigeron strigosus Muhl. |
Fleabane |
1 |
| | | | 1 | | | | | 1 | | | FACU+ |
B-HERB |
|
Eupatorium fistulosum Barratt |
Joe-pye-weed |
5 | | | 1 | | | | | | | | | |
FACW |
P-HERB |
|
Eupatorium perfoliatum L. |
Boneset |
3 | | | | | | | | | | | | 1 |
FACW+ |
P-HERB |
|
Eupatorium purpureum L. |
Joe-pye-weed |
7 | | | 1 | | | | | | | | 2 | |
FAC |
P-HERB |
|
Eupatorium rugosum Houtt. |
White-snakeroot |
4 | | | 2 | 2 | | | | | | | | | |
P-HERB |
|
Euthamia graminifolia (L.) Nutt. |
Grass-leaved goldenrod |
2 | | 2 | | | 2 | | | | 2 | | | 2 |
FAC |
P-HERB |
|
Galinsoga quadriradiata Ruiz &
Pav. |
Quickweed |
0 | | | | | 1 | | | | | | | |
|
A-HERB |
|
Helianthus decapetalus L. |
Thin-leaved sunflower |
4 | | | | | | | | 2 | 2 | | | |
FACU |
P-HERB |
|
Helianthus strumosus L. |
Rough-leaved sunflower |
5 | | | | | | | | | | | 1 | |
|
P-HERB |
|
Hieracium caespitosum Dumort. |
Yellow hawkweed |
0 | | | 2 | | | 2 | | | | 3 | 2 | |
|
P-HERB |
|
Lactuca biennis (Moench) Fernald |
Blue lettuce |
1 | | | | | | | 1 | | | | | |
FACU |
B-HERB |
|
Lactuca canadensis L. |
Wild lettuce |
2 | | | | 2 | | | 1 | 2 | | | | |
FACU |
B-HERB |
|
Lactuca serriola L. |
Prickly lettuce |
0 | | 2 | | | | | | | | | | 3 |
FAC- |
A-HERB |
|
Matricaria matricarioides (Less.) Porter |
Pineapple-weed |
0 | | | | | | | | | | 2 | | |
|
A-HERB |
|
Rudbeckia triloba L. |
Three-lobed coneflower |
6 | | | | | | | | | 2 | | | |
FACU |
P-HERB |
|
Silphium trifoliatum L. |
Whorled rosinweed |
8 | | | 2 | | | | | | | | | |
|
P-HERB |
|
Solidago altissima L. |
Late goldenrod |
1 | | | | | | | | | | 2 | | |
|
P-HERB |
|
Solidago bicolor L. |
Silver-rod |
4 | | | | | | | 1 | | | | 2 | |
|
P-HERB |
|
Solidago caesia L. |
Blue-stemmed goldenrod |
5 | | | 2 | 2 | | | 1 | 1 | | | 2 | |
FACU |
P-HERB |
|
Solidago canadensis L. |
Canada goldenrod |
1 | | 2 | | | | 2 | | 2 | 2 | | | 2 |
FACU |
P-HERB |
|
Solidago juncea Aiton |
Early goldenrod |
2 | | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | | | | | | |
|
P-HERB |
|
Solidago nemoralis Aiton |
Gray goldenrod |
3 | | | | | | | | | | | 2 | |
|
P-HERB |
|
Solidago rugosa Mill. |
Wrinkle-leaf goldenrod |
3 | | | | | | 2 | | | | | 2 | |
FAC |
P-HERB |
|
Sonchus asper (L.) Hill |
Spiny-leaved sow-thistle |
0 | | | | 2 | | | | | | | | 2 |
FAC |
A-HERB |
|
Taraxacum officinale Weber |
Dandelion |
0 | | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 |
FACU- |
B-HERB |
|
Tragopogon dubius Scop. |
Yellow goatsbeard |
0 | | 2 | | | | 2 | | | 2 | | | 3 |
|
B-HERB |
|
Tussilago farfara L. |
Coltsfoot |
0 | | | 2 | | 2 | | | | | | 2 | |
FACU |
P-HERB |
|
Xanthium strumarium L. |
Common cocklebur |
0 | | 1 | | | | | | | | | | |
FAC |
A-HERB |
| |
| Balsaminaceae |
Impatiens capensis Meerb. |
Jewelweed |
2 |
| 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | | | 2 | |
FACW |
A-HERB |
|
Impatiens pallida Nutt. |
Pale jewelweed |
3 | | | | | | | | 2 | | | | |
FACW |
A-HERB |
| |
| Berberidaceae |
Berberis thunbergii DC. |
European barberry |
0 | | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |
|
W-SHRUB |
|
Podophyllum peltatum L. |
Mayapple |
5 | | | | | | | | 1 | | | 2 | |
|
P-HERB |
| |
| Betulaceae |
Carpinus caroliniana Walter |
Hornbeam/ Blue-beech |
4 | | | | 2 | | | | | | | 2 | |
FAC |
W-TREE |
|
Corylus americana Walter |
Hazelnut |
5 | | | 2 | | 1 | | | | | | 2 | |
FACU- |
W-SHRUB |
|
Ostrya virginiana (Mill.) K.Koch |
Hop-hornbeam |
5 | | | 2 | | | | | | | | 2 | |
FACU- |
W-TREE |
| |
| Bignoniaceae |
Catalpa speciosa Warder |
Cigar tree |
0 | | | | | | | | | | | 1 | |
FAC |
W-TREE |
| |
| Boraginaceae |
Echium vulgare L. |
Viper's bugloss |
0 | | | | | | | | | | 1 | | |
|
B-HERB |
|
Hackelia virginiana (L.) I.M.Johnst. |
Beggar's-lice |
2 | | | | 2 | 2 | | 2 | 2 | | | | |
FACU |
B-HERB |
| |
| Brassicaceae |
Alliara petiolata (M.Bieb.) Cavara & Grande |
Garlic mustard |
0 | | 2 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 2 |
FACU- |
A-HERB |
|
Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. |
Mouse-ear cress |
0 | | 2 | | | | | | | | | | |
|
A-HERB |
|
Barbarea vulgaris (L.) R.Br. |
Yellow rocket |
0 | | | | | | | | | | | 2 | |
FACU |
B-HERB |
|
Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik. |
Shepherd's-purse |
0 | | | | | | | | | 1 | | | |
FACU |
A-HERB |
|
Cardamine hirsuta L. |
Hairy bittercress |
0 | | | | | | | | | 2 | | | |
FACU |
A-HERB |
|
Descurainia sophia (L.) Webb |
Herb-Sophia |
0 | | | | | | | | | | 2 | | |
|
A-HERB |
|
Erysimum cheiranthoides L. |
Wormseed-mustard |
0 | | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | | | | | | | |
FAC |
P-HERB |
|
Hesperis matronalis L. |
Dame's rocket |
0 | | 2 | 2 | 1 | | | | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 |
FACU- |
B-HERB |
|
Lepidium campstre (L.) R.Br. |
Fieldcress |
0 | | 3 | 2 | | | 2 | | | 2 | | | 3 |
|
A-HERB |
|
Lepidium virginicum L. |
Pepper-grass |
1 | | 2 | | 2 | 2 | 2 | | | | 2 | | |
FACU- |
A-HERB |
|
Sinapis arvensis L. |
Charlock |
0 | | | | | | | | | 2 | | | |
|
A-HERB |
|
Sisymbrium officinale (L.) Scop. |
Hedge mustard |
0 | | | | | | | 1 | | 2 | 2 | | 2 |
|
A-HERB |
|
Thlaspi arvense L. |
Field pennycress |
0 | | | | | | | | | | 1 | | |
UPL |
A-HERB |
| |
| Campanulaceae |
Campanula americana L. |
Tall bellflower |
4 | | | | | | | | | | | 1 | |
FACU |
A-HERB |
|
Lobelia inflata L. |
Indian-tobacco |
1 | | | | 1 | | 2 | | 1 | | | 2 | |
FACU |
A-HERB |
|
Lobelia spicata Lam. |
Spiked lobelia |
6 | | | | | | | | | | 1 | 1 | |
FAC- |
P-HERB |
| |
| Caprifoliaceae |
Lonicera dioica L. |
Mountain honeysuckle |
5 | | | 2 | | | | | | | | 2 | |
FACU |
W-VINE |
|
Lonicera japonica Thunb. |
Japanese honeysuckle |
0 | | | 1 | | | | | | | | | |
FAC- |
W-VINE |
|
Lonicera maackii (Rupr.) Maxim. |
Amur honeysuckle |
0 | | | 2 | | | 2 | 3 | 2 | | | | |
|
W-SHRUB |
|
Lonicera morrowii A.Gray |
Morrow's honeysuckle |
0 | | 2 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 2 |
FACU |
W-SHRUB |
|
Sambucus canadensis L. |
Elderberry |
3 | | | | 1 | 2 | | | 2 | | | 1 | |
FACW- |
W-SHRUB |
|
Viburnum acerifolium L. |
Maple-leaved viburnum |
6 | | | 2 | | | | | | | | 2 | |
UPL |
W-SHRUB |
|
Viburnum dentatum L. |
Southern arrow-wood |
2 | | | | | | | | 1 | | | 2 | |
FAC |
W-SHRUB |
|
Viburnum dilatatum Thunb. |
Linden viburnum |
| | | 2 | 2 | 2 | | 2 | | | | | |
|
W-SHRUB |
|
Viburnum lantana L. |
Wayfaring-tree |
0 | | | | | | | | | | | 2 | |
|
W-SHRUB |
|
Viburnum lentago L. |
Nannyberry |
6 | | | | | | | | | | | 2 | |
FAC |
W-SHRUB |
|
Viburnum opulus L. |
Guelder-rose |
0 | | | | | | | 2 | | | | 2 | |
|
W-SHRUB |
|
Viburnum prunifolium L. |
Black-haw |
5 | | | | | | | 1 | | | | | |
FACU |
W-SHRUB |
|
Viburnum sieboldii Miq. |
Siebold viburnum |
0 | | | | | | | | | | | 1 | |
|
W-SHRUB |
| |
| Caryophyllaceae |
Agrostemma githago L. |
Corn cockle |
0 | | | | | 1 | | | | | | | |
|
A-HERB |
|
Cerastium fontanum Baumg. |
Common mouse-ear chickweed |
0 | | | | | | | 1 | | | | 2 | |
FACU- |
P-HERB |
|
Dianthus armeria L. |
Deptford-pink |
0 | | 2 | 1 | 1 | | 2 | | 2 | 1 | | | |
UPL |
A-HERB |
|
Saponaria officinalis L. |
Bouncing-bet |
0 | | | | | | | | | 1 | | | |
FACU- |
P-HERB |
|
Silene latifolia Poir. |
White campion |
0 | | 2 | | 1 | | | | | 2 | | | 2 |
|
A-HERB |
|
Silene stellata (L.) W.T.Aiton |
Starry campion |
6 | | | 1 | | | | | | | | | |
|
P-HERB |
|
Silene vulgaris (Moench) Garcke |
Bladder campion |
0 | | | | | | | 2 | | | 2 | | |
|
P-HERB |
|
Stellaria longifolia Muhl. |
Long-leaved stitchwort |
5 | | | | | | 2 | | | | | 2 | |
FACW |
P-HERB |
|
Stellaria media (L.) Vill. |
Common chickweed |
0 | | 3 | | | 2 | | | | 3 | | | |
UPL |
A-HERB |
| |
| Celastraceae |
Celastrus orbiculatus Thunb. |
Oriental bittersweet |
0 | | | 3 | | 2 | 2 | | 4 | | | | |
UPL |
W-VINE |
|
Euonymus alatus (Thunb.) Siebold |
Burning-bush |
0 | | | | 2 | | | | | | | 3 | |
|
W-SHRUB |
|
Euonymus fortunei (Turcz.)
Hand.-Mazz. |
Wintercreeper |
0 | | | | | | | | | | | 1 | |
|
W-VINE |
| |
| Chenopodiaceae |
Atriplex patula L. |
Spreading orach |
0 | | | | | | | | | | | | 1 |
FACW |
A-HERB |
|
Chenopodium album L. |
Lamb's quarters |
0 | | | | | | | | | 2 | 2 | | 2 |
FACU+ |
A-HERB |
| |
| Clusiaceae |
Hypericum perforatum L. |
St. John's wort |
0 | | | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | | | 2 | | | 2 |
|
P-HERB |
| |
| Convolvulaceae |
Convolvulus arvensis L. |
Field bindweed |
0 | | | | | | 2 | | | | 2 | | |
|
H-VINE |
|
Ipomea pandurata (L.) G.Mey. |
Morning glory |
3 | | 1 | 1 | | | | | | | | | |
FACU |
H-VINE |
| |
| Cornaceae |
Cornus amomum Mill. |
Red willow |
2 | | 1 | | | | | | | 1 | | | |
FACW |
W-SHRUB |
|
Cornus florida L. |
Flowering dogwood |
5 | | | 2 | | | | | | | | 3 | |
FACU- |
W-SHRUB |
|
Cornus racemosa Lam. |
Gray-stemmed dogwood |
2 | | 2 | 2 | | | | | 2 | 2 | | 1 | 2 |
FAC- |
W-SHRUB |
| |
| Cucurbitaceae |
Cucurbita pepo L. |
Squash |
0 | | | | | | | | | | 1 | | |
|
H-VINE |
| |
| Cupressaceae |
Thuja occidentalis L. |
Northern white-cedar |
0 | | | | | 1 | | | | | | | |
FACW |
W-TREE |
|
Juniperus virginiana L. |
Eastern red-cedar |
3 | | | 1 | | | | | | | | 1 | |
FACU |
W-TREE |
| |
| Cyperaceae |
Carex blanda Dewey |
Sedge |
3 | | | 2 | 1 | | | 1 | | | | 2 | |
FAC |
P-SDG |
|
Carex cephalophora Willd. |
Sedge |
5 | | | 2 | 1 | | | | | | | 1 | |
FACU |
P-SDG |
|
Carex debilis Michx. |
Sedge |
8 | | | 1 | | | | | | | | | |
FAC |
P-SDG |
|
Carex digitalis Willd. |
Sedge |
4 | | | 1 | 1 | | | | | | | 1 | |
UPL |
P-SDG |
|
Carex intumescens Rudge |
Sedge |
5 | | | 1 | | | | | | | | | |
FACW+ |
P-SDG |
|
Carex laxiculmis Schwein |
Sedge |
3 | | | | | | | | | | | 2 | |
|
P-SDG |
|
Carex normalis Mack. |
Sedge |
4 | | | 2 | | | | | | | | 2 | |
FACU |
P-SDG |
|
Carex pensylvanica Lam. |
Penn's sedge |
3 | | | 3 | 2 | 2 | | 2 | | 2 | | 3 | |
|
P-SDG |
|
Carex retroflexa Schkuhr |
Sedge |
8 | | | | | | | | | | | 2 | |
|
P-SDG |
|
Carex rosea Willd. |
Sedge |
3 | | | 2 | | | | 1 | | | | | |
|
P-SDG |
|
Carex scoparia Schkuhr |
Broom sedge |
4 | | | 1 | | | | | | | | | |
FACW |
P-SDG |
|
Carex swanii (Fernald) Mack. |
Sedge |
4 | | | 2 | | | | | | | | | |
FACU |
P-SDG |
|
Carex vulpinoidea Michx. |
Sedge |
3 | | 2 | 1 | | | | | 1 | | | | |
OBL |
P-SDG |
|
Carex willdenovii Schkuhr |
Sedge |
7 | | | | | | | 1 | | | | | |
UPL |
P-SDG |
|
Cyperus esculentus L. |
Yellow nutsedge |
2 | | | | | 2 | | | | | | | |
FACW |
P-SDG |
| |
| Dipsacaceae |
Dipsacus sylvestris Huds. |
Common teasel |
0 | | 2 | | | | 2 | | | | | | |
FACU- |
B-HERB |
| |
| Eleagnaceae |
Eleagnus umbellata Thunb. |
Autumn olive |
0 | | 2 | 1 | | 2 | 2 | | | 3 | 2 | 1 | |
|
W-SHRUB |
| |
| Ericaceae |
Gaultheria procumbens L. |
Wintergreen |
5 | | | 3 | | | | 2 | | | | 3 | |
FACU |
W-SHRUB |
|
Rhododendron periclymenoides (Michx.) Shinners |
Pinxter-flower |
| | | 1 | | | | | | | | | |
FAC |
W-SHRUB |
|
Vaccinium pallidum Aiton |
Lowbush blueberry |
6 | | | | | | | 1 | | | | | |
|
W-SHRUB |
|
Vaccinium stamineum L. |
Deerberry |
7 | | | 2 | | | | | | | | | |
FACU |
W-SHRUB |
| |
| Euphorbiaceae |
Acalypha rhomboidea Raf. |
Three-seeded mercury |
0 | | | | 2 | 2 | | | 2 | 2 | | | 2 |
|
A-HERB |
|
Chamaesyce maculata (L.) Small |
Spotted spurge |
0 | | | | | 2 | | | | | | | 2 |
|
A-HERB |
|
Euphorbia corollata L. |
Flowering spurge |
4 | | | 1 | | | | | | | | | |
|
P-HERB |
| |
| Fabaceae |
Amphicarpa bracteata (L.) Fernald |
Hog-peanut |
5 | | | 2 | 2 | | | | 1 | 1 | | 2 | |
FAC |
A-HERB |
|
Coronilla varia L. |
Crown vetch |
0 | | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 2 | | 3 | 3 | | 2 |
|
P-HERB |
|
Desmodium glutinosum (Muhl.) A.W.Wood |
Tick-trefoil |
5 | | | 3 | 2 | | | 2 | | | | 3 | |
|
P-HERB |
|
Desmodium nudiflorum (L.) DC. |
Tick-trefoil |
5 | | | 2 | 1 | | | | | | | 2 | |
|
P-HERB |
|
Desmodium paniculatum (L.) DC. |
Tick-trefoil |
4 | | | | | 1 | | | | | | 2 | |
UPL |
P-HERB |
|
Lathyrus latifolius L. |
Perennial sweetpea |
0 | | | 1 | | | | | | | | | |
|
P-HERB |
|
Lotus corniculatus L. |
Bird's-foot trefoil |
0 | | 3 | 2 | | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 2 | | 3 |
FACU- |
P-HERB |
|
Medicago lupulina L. |
Black medic |
0 | | | 2 | 2 | 2 | | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
|
A-HERB |
|
Medicago sativa L. |
Alfalfa |
0 | | | | | 2 | | | | 3 | | | |
|
P-HERB |
|
Melilotus alba Medik. |
White sweet clover |
0 | | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | | 2 | 2 | 2 | | | 3 |
FACU |
B-HERB |
|
Melilotus officinalis L. |
Yellow sweet clover |
0 | | | | 1 | 1 | 2 | | | | | | |
FACU |
B-HERB |
|
Robinia pseudoacacia L. |
Black locust |
0 | | | 1 | | | | | | | | | |
FACU- |
W-TREE |
|
Trifolium pratense L. |
Red clover |
0 | | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | | | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
FACU- |
P-HERB |
|
Trifolium repens L. |
White clover |
0 | | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 2 | | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
FACU- |
P-HERB |
|
Vicia sativa L. |
Common vetch |
0 | | | | | | | | | 1 | | | |
FACU- |
A-HERB |
|
Vicia villosa Roth |
Winter vetch |
0 | | | | | 2 | | | | 2 | | | |
|
A-HERB |
| |
| Fagaceae |
Quercus alba L. |
White oak |
7 | | | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | | 3 | |
FACU |
W-TREE |
|
Quercus coccinea Munchh. |
Scarlet oak |
6 | | | | | | 2 | 1 | 2 | | | | |
|
W-TREE |
|
Quercus ilicifoila Wangenh. |
Scrub oak |
| | | 1 | 1 | | | | | | | | |
|
W-TREE |
|
Quercus montana Willd. |
Chestnut oak |
6 | | | 1 | | | | | | | | | |
UPL |
W-TREE |
|
Quercus rubra L. |
Red oak |
7 | | | 2 | | 2 | | 2 | 2 | 2 | | 3 | |
FACU- |
W-TREE |
|
Quercus velutina Lam. |
Black oak |
7 | | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | | 2 | | 2 | |
|
W-TREE |
| |
| Geraniaceae |
Erodium cicutarium (L.) L'Her. |
Red-stem filaree |
0 | | 2 | | | | | | | | | | |
|
A-HERB |
|
Geranium maculatum L. |
Wild geranium |
4 | | | 3 | | | | 1 | 2 | | | 3 | |
FACU |
P-HERB |
|
Geranium sibiricum L. |
Siberian cranesbill |
0 | | | | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | | 2 | | |
|
A-HERB |
| |
| Grossulariaceae |
Ribes americanum Mill. |
Wild black currant |
6 | | | | 1 | | | | 1 | | | | |
FACW |
W-SHRUB |
| |
| Hamamelidaceae |
Hamamelis virginiana L. |
Witch-hazel |
5 | | | | | | | 1 | | | | | |
FAC- |
W-SHRUB |
| |
| Iridaceae |
Sisyrinchium montanum Greene |
Blue-eyed-grass |
4 | | | 1 | | | | | | | | 1 | |
FAC |
P-HERB |
| |
| Juglandaceae |
Carya glabra (Mill.) Sweet |
Pignut hickory |
5 | | | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | | 2 | |
FACU- |
W-TREE |
|
Carya ovata (Mill.) K.Koch |
Shagbark hickory |
6 | | | | | | | | 1 | | | | |
FACU |
W-TREE |
|
Carya tomentosa (Lam.) Nutt. |
Mockernut hickory |
6 | | | 1 | | | | | 2 | 2 | 2 | | |
|
W-TREE |
|
Juglans nigra L. |
Black walnut |
5 | | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | | | | 2 | | | |
FACU |
W-TREE |
| |
| Juncaceae |
Juncus tenuis Willd. |
Path rush |
1 | | 2 | 2 | 2 | | 2 | | 2 | 2 | | | |
FAC- |
P-HERB |
|
Luzula echinata (Small) F.J.Herm. |
Common woodrush |
4 | | | | | | | | | | | 1 | |
FACU |
P-HERB |
|
Luzula multiflora (Ehrh.) Lej. |
Field woodrush |
5 | | | 1 | | | | 1 | | | | | |
FACU |
P-HERB |
| |
| Lamiaceae |
Clinopodium vulgare L. |
Wild basil |
3 | | 2 | | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | | | | |
|
P-HERB |
|
Glecoma hederacea L. |
Ground ivy |
0 | | | | | | | | | | | 2 | |
FACU |
P-HERB |
|
Lamium purpureum L. |
Purple dead-nettle |
0 | | | | | | | | | 2 | | | |
|
A-HERB |
|
Leonurus cardiaca L. |
Common motherwort |
0 | | | | 1 | 1 | | | | 2 | | | 2 |
|
P-HERB |
|
Monarda fistulosa L. |
Wild bergamot |
5 | | | 2 | | | | | 1 | 2 | | | |
UPL |
P-HERB |
|
Nepeta cataria L. |
Catnip |
0 | | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | | | 2 | 2 | 2 |
FACU |
P-HERB |
|
Prunella vulgaris L. |
Heal-all |
0 | | | | 2 | 2 | | 1 | 2 | 2 | | 2 | |
FACU+ |
P-HERB |
|
Pycnanthemum muticum (Michx.)
Pers. |
Mountain-mint |
8 | | | | 1 | | | | | | | | |
FACW |
P-HERB |
| |
| Lauraceae |
Sassafras albidum (Nutt.) Nees |
Sassafras |
4 | | | 2 | | 2 | 2 | | 2 | 2 | | | |
FACU- |
W-TREE |
| |
| Liliaceae |
Allium cernuum Roth |
Nodding onion |
5 | | | 2 | | | 2 | 2 | | | | 2 | |
|
P-HERB |
|
Allium vineale L. |
Field onion |
0 | | | 2 | | | 2 | | | | | | 2 |
FACU- |
P-HERB |
|
Chamaelirium luteum (L.) A.Gray |
Devil's-bit |
8 | | | 1 | | | | | | | | | |
FAC |
P-HERB |
|
Convallaria majalis L. |
Lily-of-the-valley |
0 | | | | 2 | | | | | | | 2 | |
|
P-HERB |
|
Hemerocallis fulva (L.) L. |
Orange day-lily |
0 | | 2 | 2 | | | | | | | | | |
UPL |
P-HERB |
|
Lilium canadense L. |
Canada lily |
5 | | | | | | | | | | | 1 | |
FAC+ |
P-HERB |
|
Maianthemum canadense Desf. |
Canada mayflower |
7 | | | | | | | | | | | 2 | |
FAC- |
P-HERB |
|
Melanthium latifolium Desr. |
Bunchflower |
| | | 1 | | | | | | | | 2 | |
FACU |
P-HERB |
|
Polygonatum biflorum (Walter) Elliot |
Solomon's-seal |
5 | | | | | | | 2 | | | | | |
FACU |
P-HERB |
|
Smilacina racemosa (L.) Desf. |
False Solomon's seal |
5 | | | 3 | 2 | | | | | | | 3 | |
|
P-HERB |
|
Uvularia perfoliata L. |
Merrybells |
5 | | | 2 | | | | 1 | | | | 3 | |
FACU |
P-HERB |
| |
| Lycopodiaceae |
Lycopodium obscurum L. |
Flat-branched ground-pine |
5 | | | 2 | | | | | | | | | |
FACU |
P-HERB |
| |
| Malvaceae |
Abutilon theophrastii Medik. |
Velvet-leaf |
0 | | 2 | | | 2 | | | | | | 1 | |
UPL |
A-HERB |
|
Malva moschata L. |
Musk-mallow |
0 | | 2 | | | | | | | | 1 | | |
UPL |
P-HERB |
|
Malva neglecta Wallr. |
Common mallow |
0 | | | | | 2 | | | | 2 | | | 2 |
|
B-HERB |
| |
| Monotropaceae |
Monotropa uniflora L. |
Indian-pipe |
5 | | | 2 | | | | 2 | | | | 2 | |
FACU- |
P-HERB |
| |
| Moraceae |
Morus rubra L. |
Mulberry |
6 | | | | | | | | 3 | | 1 | | |
FACU |
W-TREE |
| |
| Oleaceae |
Fraxinus americana L. |
White ash |
4 | | | | 1 | 1 | | | | | | 3 | |
FACU |
W-TREE |
|
Ligustrum vulgare L. |
Privet |
0 | | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 3 | |
FACU |
W-SHRUB |
| |
| Onagraceae |
Circaea lutetiana L. |
Enchanter's nightshade |
3 | | | | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | | | | | |
FACU |
P-HERB |
|
Epilobium coloratum Biehler |
Purple-leaved willow-herb |
2 | | | 1 | | 1 | | | | 1 | | | |
FACW+ |
P-HERB |
|
Oenothera biennis L. |
Evening-primrose |
2 | | 2 | | 2 | 2 | | 2 | 2 | 2 | | | 2 |
FACU- |
B-HERB |
|
Oenothera nutans G.F.Atk. & Bartlett |
Evening-primrose |
| | | | | | | | | | 1 | | |
|
B-HERB |
| |
| Ophioglossaceae |
Botrychium virginianum (L.) Sw. |
Rattlesnake fern |
5 | | | | | | | | | | | 1 | |
FACU |
P-FERN |
| |
| Orchidaceae |
Cypripedium acaule Aiton |
Pink lady's-slipper |
10 | | | 2 | | | | | | | | | |
FACU- |
P-HERB |
|
Epipactis helleborine (L.) Crantz |
Bastard hellebore |
0 | | | | | 1 | | | | | | 1 | |
UPL |
P-HERB |
|
Goodyera pubescens (Willd.) R.Br. |
Downy rattlesnake-plantain |
6 | | | 1 | | | | | | | | | |
FACU- |
P-HERB |
|
Platanthera orbiculata (Pursh) Lindl. |
Large round-leaved orchid |
7 | | | 2 | | | | | | | | | |
FAC |
P-HERB |
| |
| Orobanchaceae |
Orobanche uniflora L. |
Cancer-root |
7 | | | | | | | | | | | 1 | |
FACU |
P-HERB |
| |
| Osmundaceae |
Osmunda claytoniana L. |
Interrupted fern |
6 | | | | 1 | | | | | | | | |
FACU- |
P-FERN |
| |
| Oxalidaceae |
Oxalis stricta L. |
Common yellow wood-sorrel |
0 | | | | 2 | | 3 | 3 | 2 | 3 | | | 3 |
UPL |
P-HERB |
| |
| Papaveraceae |
Chelidonium majus L. |
Greater celandine |
0 | | | | 2 | | | 2 | 2 | | 2 | 2 | |
UPL |
B-HERB |
|
Sanguinaria canadensis L. |
Bloodroot |
5 | | | | | | | | | | | 1 | |
UPL |
P-HERB |
| |
| Phytolaccaceae |
Phytolacca americana L. |
Pokeweed |
2 | | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | | | 3 | 2 | | 2 |
FACU+ |
P-HERB |
| |
| Pinaceae |
Abies concolor (Gordon & Glendinn.) Hildebr. |
White fir |
0 | | | 1 | | | | | | | | | |
|
W-TREE |
|
Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. |
Norway spruce |
0 | | | 2 | | 2 | | | | | | | |
|
W-TREE |
|
Pinus banksiana Lamb. |
Jack pine |
| | | 1 | | | | | | | | | |
FACU |
W-TREE |
|
Pinus resinosa Aiton |
Red pine |
| | | 2 | 2 | 2 | | | | | | | |
FACU |
W-TREE |
|
Pinus rigida Mill. |
Pitch pine |
| | | ? | | 1 | | | | | | | |
FACU |
W-TREE |
|
Pinus strobus L. |
White pine |
6 | | | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | | | 3 | |
FACU |
W-TREE |
|
Pinus sylvestris L. |
Scotch pine |
0 | | | | 2 | 4 | | | | | | | |
|
W-TREE |
|
Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carriere |
Eastern hemlock |
8 | | | 2 | | 2 | | | | | | | |
FACU |
W-TREE |
| |
| Plantaginaceae |
Plantago lanceolata L. |
English plantain |
0 | | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 1 | | 3 | 3 | 2 | 3 |
UPL |
P-HERB |
|
Plantago major L. |
Plantain |
0 | | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 3 |
FACU |
P-HERB |
| |
| Platanacaeae |
Platanus occidentalis L. |
Sycamore |
7 | | 1 | | | | | | | | | | |
FACW- |
W-TREE |
| |
| Poaceae |
Agrostis gigantea Roth |
Redtop |
0 | | | | | | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | | |
FACW- |
P-GRS |
|
Agrostis stolonifera L. |
Creeping bentgrass |
0 | | 2 | | | | | | | | | | |
FACW |
P-GRS |
|
Andropogon virginicus L. |
Broom-sedge |
3 | | 1 | | | | | | | | | | |
FACU |
P-GRS |
|
Arrhenatherum elatius (L.) P.Beauv. |
Tall oatgrass |
0 | | 2 | | | | | | | 2 | | | 2 |
FACU |
P-GRS |
|
Avena sativa L. |
Oats |
0 | | | | | | | | | 2 | | | |
|
A-GRS |
|
Bromus inermis Leyss. |
Smooth brome |
0 | | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | | | 2 | | 4 | 2 | 2 |
|
P-GRS |
|
Bromus japonicus Thunb. |
Japanese chess |
0 | | 3 | | | 1 | 2 | | | 2 | | | 3 |
FACU- |
A-GRS |
|
Bromus pubescens Muhl. |
Canada brome |
4 | | | 1 | | | | | | | | | |
|
P-GRS |
|
Bromus racemosus L. |
Soft chess |
0 | | | 2 | | | | | | | | | |
|
A-GRS |
|
Bromus tectorum L. |
Downy chess/ Cheatgrass |
0 | | 2 | | | | | | | | | | |
|
A-GRS |
|
Dactylis glomerata L. |
Orchard grass |
0 | | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 3 |
FACU |
P-GRS |
|
Danthonia spicata (L.) P.Beauv. |
Wild oat grass |
3 | | | | | | 1 | 1 | | | | 2 | |
|
P-GRS |
|
Echinochloa crusgalli (L.) P.Beauv. |
Barnyard-grass |
0 | | | | | | | | | 2 | | | 1 |
FACU |
A-GRS |
|
Elymus canadensis L. |
Canada wild-rye |
3 | | | | | | | | | | | 1 | |
FACW+ |
P-GRS |
|
Elymus hystrix L. |
Bottlebrush-grass |
5 | | | 2 | | | | | | | | 1 | |
|
P-GRS |
|
Elytrigia repens (L.) Desv. |
Quack grass |
0 | | 2 | | 2 | 2 | 2 | | | 3 | 4 | | 2 |
|
P-GRS |
|
Festuca elatior L. |
Fescue |
0 | | 2 | | | | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | | 2 |
FACU- |
P-GRS |
|
Festuca obtusa Biehler |
Nodding fescue |
5 | | | | | | | | | | | 1 | |
FACU |
P-GRS |
|
Festuca pratensis Huds. |
Meadow fescue |
0 | | | | | 2 | | | | | 2 | | |
FACU- |
P-GRS |
|
Hordeum vulgare L. |
Barley |
0 | | | | | | | | | 2 | | | |
|
A-GRS |
|
Muhlenbergia schreberi J.F.Gmel. |
Dropseed |
1 | | | | | | | | | 1 | 1 | | |
FAC |
P-GRS |
|
Panicum acuminatum Sw. |
Panic grass |
2 | | | 2 | 2 | | | | | | | 2 | |
|
P-GRS |
|
Panicum clandestinum L. |
Broad-leaved panic grass |
3 | | | 2 | | | | | | | | 2 | |
FAC+ |
P-GRS |
|
Panicum commutatum Schult. |
Panic grass |
5 | | | 1 | | | | | | | | | |
FACU+ |
P-GRS |
|
Panicum dichotomiflorum Michx. |
Smooth panic grass |
1 | | | | | 1 | | | | | | | |
FACW- |
P-GRS |
|
Panicum linearifolium Scribn. |
Panic grass |
4 | | | 2 | | | 2 | | | | | | |
|
P-GRS |
|
Panicum virgatum L. |
Switch grass |
4 | | 1 | | | | | | | | | | |
FAC |
P-GRS |
|
Phalaris arundinacea L. |
Reed-canary grass |
0 | | | | | 2 | | | | | 2 | | |
FACW |
P-GRS |
|
Phleum pratense L. |
Timothy grass |
0 | | 3 | 2 | | 2 | 3 | | 2 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 3 |
FACU |
A-GRS |
|
Poa compressa L. |
Canada bluegrass |
0 | | | 2 | 2 | | | 2 | 2 | | | 2 | |
FACU |
P-GRS |
|
Poa nemoralis L. |
Wood bluegrass |
0 | | | | | | | | | | 2 | | |
FAC |
P-GRS |
|
Poa pratensis L. |
Kentucky bluegrass |
0 | | 3 | 3 | 2 | | | | 2 | | 4 | 2 | |
FACU |
P-GRS |
|
Poa trivialis L. |
Rough bluegrass |
0 | | | 1 | | | | | | | | | |
FACW |
P-GRS |
|
Secale cereale L. |
Rye |
0 | | | | | | | | | 2 | | | |
|
A-GRS |
|
Setaria faberi Herrm. |
Giant foxtail |
0 | | | | | | | | | 2 | | | |
UPL |
A-GRS |
|
Setaria viridis (L.) P.Beauv. |
Green foxtail |
0 | | 2 | | | 2 | | | | | | | 2 |
|
A-GRS |
|
Zea mays L. |
Field corn |
0 | | 2 | | | | | | | | | | |
|
A-GRS |
| |
| Polygonaceae |
Polygonum aviculare L. |
Knotweed |
0 | | | | | 1 | | | | | | | |
FACU |
A-HERB |
|
Polygonum convolvulus L. |
Black bindweed |
0 | | | | | | | | | | | | 1 |
FACU |
P-HERB |
|
Polygonum lapathifolium L. |
Willow-weed |
1 | | 2 | 2 | | | | | | | | | |
FACW+ |
A-HERB |
|
Polygonum persicaria L. |
Lady's thumb |
0 | | 3 | | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | | 2 | | | |
FACW |
A-HERB |
|
Polygonum virginianum L. |
Jumpseed |
4 | | | | | 2 | | | | | | | |
FAC |
P-HERB |
|
Rumex acetosella L. |
Sheep sorrel |
0 | | | | | | 2 | | | | | | |
UPL |
P-HERB |
|
Rumex crispus L. |
Curly dock |
0 | | 3 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | | | 2 |
FACU |
P-HERB |
| |
| Polypodiaceae |
Adiantum pedatum L. |
Maidenhair fern |
6 | | | | | | | | | | | 2 | |
FAC- |
P-FERN |
|
Asplenium platyneuron (L.) B.S.P. |
Ebony spleenwort |
5 | | | 2 | 2 | | | | | | | | |
FACU |
P-FERN |
|
Asplenium rhizophyllum L. |
Walking fern |
8 | | | | | | | | | | | 1 | |
|
P-FERN |
|
Cystopteris tenuis (Michx.) Desv. |
Fragile fern |
| | | | | | | | | | | 2 | |
|
P-FERN |
|
Dennstaedtia punctilobula (Michx.) T.Moore |
Hay-scented fern |
5 | | | 2 | | | | | | | | 2 | |
UPL |
P-FERN |
|
Dryopteris intermedia (Muhl.) A.Gray |
Evergreen wood fern |
5 | | | 3 | 2 | 2 | | 1 | 1 | 1 | | 2 | |
FACU |
P-FERN |
|
Dryopteris marginalis (L.) A.Gray |
Marginal wood fern |
5 | | | | 2 | 2 | | 1 | | | | 2 | |
FACU- |
P-FERN |
|
Onoclea sensibilis L. |
Sensitive fern |
3 | | | 2 | | | | | | | | | |
FACW |
P-FERN |
|
Pellaea atropurpurea (L.) Link |
Purple cliffbrake |
| | | 1 | | | | | | | | | |
|
P-FERN |
|
Polypodium virginianum L. |
Common polypody |
7 | | | | 1 | | | | | | | | |
|
P-FERN |
|
Polystichum acrostichoides (Michx.)
Schott |
Christmas fern |
4 | | | 2 | 3 | | | | | | | 2 | |
FACU- |
P-FERN |
|
Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn |
Northern bracken fern |
3 | | | 2 | | | | | | | | | |
FACU |
P-FERN |
| |
| Pyrolaceae |
Chimaphila maculata (L.) Pursh |
Spotted wintergreen |
7 | | | 2 | | | | 1 | | | | 2 | |
|
P-HERB |
|
Chimaphila umbellata (L.) W.Bartram |
Pipsissewa |
9 | | | 1 | | | | | | | | 2 | |
|
P-HERB |
|
Pyrola americana Sweet |
Wild lily-of-the-valley |
7 | | | | | | | 2 | | | | 2 | |
FAC |
P-HERB |
|
Pyrola elliptica Nutt. |
Shinleaf |
6 | | | 3 | | | | | | | | 3 | |
UPL |
P-HERB |
| |
| Ranunculaceae |
Actaea pachypoda Elliot |
Doll's eyes |
7 | | | 2 | 2 | | | | | | | | |
UPL |
P-HERB |
|
Anemone quinquefolia L. |
Wood anemone |
5 | | | 2 | | | | | | | | | |
FACU |
P-HERB |
|
Anemone virginiana L. |
Thimbleweed |
3 | | | 2 | 2 | 2 | | 1 | 3 | 2 | | 2 | |
FACU |
P-HERB |
|
Aquilegia canadensis L. |
Columbine |
5 | | | | 2 | | | | | | | 1 | |
FAC |
P-HERB |
|
Cimicifuga racemosa (L.) Nutt. |
Black cohosh |
8 | | | | | | | | | | | 2 | |
|
P-HERB |
|
Hepatica nobilis Mill. |
Hepatica |
5 | | | 2 | | | | | | | | 2 | |
|
P-HERB |
|
Ranunculus abortivus L. |
Small flowered crowfoot |
4 | | | | 2 | | | | | 1 | | 2 | |
FACW- |
A-HERB |
|
Ranunculus acris L. |
Buttercup |
0 | | | 2 | | | 2 | | 2 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 2 |
FAC+ |
P-HERB |
|
Ranunculus hispidus Michx. |
Hairy buttercup |
5 | | | | | | | | | | | 2 | |
FAC |
P-HERB |
|
Ranunculus repens L. |
Creeping buttercup |
0 | | | | | 2 | 2 | | | | | | |
FAC |
P-HERB |
|
Thalictrum dioicum L. |
Early meadow-rue |
6 | | | 2 | 2 | | | | | | | 2 | |
FAC |
P-HERB |
|
Thalictrum thalictroides (L.) A.J.Eames & B. Boivin |
Rue anemone |
6 | | | 2 | | | | 1 | | | | 2 | |
FACU- |
P-HERB |
| |
| Rhamnaceae |
Ceanothus americanus L. |
New Jersey tea |
6 | | | 1 | | | | | | | | 1 | |
|
W-SHRUB |
|
Rhamnus cathartica L. |
Common buckthorn |
0 | | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 2 | | 3 | 2 |
|
W-TREE |
| |
| Rosaceae |
Agrimonia gryposepala Wallr. |
Agrimony |
3 | | | 2 | | 2 | 2 | 2 | | | | | |
|
P-HERB |
|
Amelanchier arborea (F.Michx.) Fernald |
Service berry |
5 | | | 1 | | | | | | | | | |
FAC- |
W-SHRUB |
|
Crataegus monogyna Jacq. |
English hawthorn |
0 | | | | | | 1 | | | | | | |
|
W-SHRUB |
|
Crataegus holmesiana |
Red-fruited hawthorn |
4 | | | | 1 | | | | | | | | |
|
W-TREE |
|
Duchesnea indica (Andr.) Focke |
Indian strawberry |
0 | | | | | | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | | 2 | |
FACU- |
P-HERB |
|
Fragaria virginiana Mill. |
Wild strawberry |
2 | | 3 | 1 | | | | | | 2 | 2 | 1 | |
FACU |
P-HERB |
|
Geum aleppicum Jacq. |
Yellow avens |
3 | | 1 | | | | | | | 2 | | | |
FAC |
P-HERB |
|
Geum canadense Jacq. |
White avens |
2 | | 3 | | 3 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 3 | | 3 | |
FACU+ |
P-HERB |
|
Malus prunifolia (Willd.) Borkh. |
Chinese crabapple |
0 | | | | | | 2 | | | | | | |
|
W-TREE |
|
Malus pumila Mill. |
Apple |
0 | | | | | | 2 | | | | | | |
|
W-TREE |
|
Porteranthus trifoliatus (L.) Britton |
Mountain Indian-physic |
8 | | | | | | | | | | | 2 | |
|
P-HERB |
|
Potentilla norvegica L. |
Three-leaf cinquefoil |
1 | | | 2 | | 2 | 2 | | | 2 | | | |
FACU |
A-HERB |
|
Potentilla recta L. |
Sulfur cinquefoil |
0 | | 2 | 2 | | | 2 | | | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 |
|
P-HERB |
|
Potentilla simplex Michx. |
Old-field cinquefoil |
1 | | | | | | | | | | 1 | | |
FACU- |
P-HERB |
|
Prunus avium (L.) L. |
Sweet cherry |
0 | | | | | | | | | | | 2 | |
|
W-TREE |
|
Prunus cerasus L. |
Sour cherry |
0 | | | | | | | | | | 1 | | |
|
W-TREE |
|
Prunus serotina Ehrh. |
Wild black cherry |
3 | | 3 | | 2 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 3 | | 3 | 3 |
FACU |
W-TREE |
|
Rhodotypos scandens (Thunb.)
Makino |
Jetbead |
0 | | 1 | | | | | | | | | | |
|
W-SHRUB |
|
Rosa carolina L. |
Pasture rose |
5 | | | | 2 | | 2 | | | | | 2 | |
UPL |
W-SHRUB |
|
Rosa multiflora Thunb. |
Multiflora rose |
0 | | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 2 | |
FACU |
W-SHRUB |
|
Rubus allegheniensis Porter |
Common blackberry |
1 | | | 2 | 2 | | | | | | | | |
FACU- |
W-SHRUB |
|
Rubus flagellaris Willd. |
Prickly dewberry |
2 | | | | | 1 | 2 | 1 | | | | | |
FACU |
W-SHRUB |
|
Rubus occidentalis L. |
Black raspberry |
1 | | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | | 2 | 2 | 3 | | | |
|
W-SHRUB |
|
Rubus pensilvanicus Poir. |
Blackberry |
2 | | | | 1 | 2 | | | | 2 | | | |
|
W-SHRUB |
|
Rubus pubescens Raf. |
Dwarf raspberry |
6 | | | | | | 2 | | 2 | | | 2 | |
FACW |
W-SHRUB |
| |
| Rubiaceae |
Galium aparine L. |
Cleavers |
2 | | 2 | 3 | | | | | | | | 3 | |
FACU |
A-HERB |
|
Galium boreale L. |
Northern bedstraw |
8 | | | | | | | 1 | | | | 2 | |
FACU |
P-HERB |
|
Galium circaezans Michx. |
Bedstraw |
5 | | | 2 | | | | 1 | | | | 2 | |
UPL |
P-HERB |
|
Galium mollugo L. |
White bedstraw |
0 | | 2 | | | | | 2 | | | | | |
|
P-HERB |
|
Galium triflorum Michx. |
Bedstraw |
5 | | | | 2 | | | | 2 | | | 3 | |
FACU |
P-HERB |
|
Mitchella repens L. |
Partridge berry |
5 | | | 2 | | | | | | | | 3 | |
FACU |
P-HERB |
| |
| Salicaceae |
Populus grandidentata Michx. |
Bigtooth aspen |
2 | | | 2 | | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | | | |
FACU- |
W-TREE |
|
Populus x jackii Sarg. |
Balm-of-Gilead |
0 | | | 2 | | | | | | | | | |
|
W-TREE |
|
Populus tremuloides Michx. |
Quaking aspen |
2 | | | 2 | | 2 | | | 2 | | | | |
|
W-TREE |
| |
| Saxifragaceae |
Mitella diphylla L. |
Bishop's cap |
7 | | | | | | | | | | | 2 | |
FACU |
P-HERB |
|
Saxifraga virginiensis Michx. |
Early saxifrage |
8 | | | | | | | | | | | 2 | |
FAC- |
P-HERB |
| |
| Scrophulariaceae |
Aureolaria virginica (L.) Pennell |
Downy false foxglove |
9 | | | | | | | | | | | 1 | |
|
P-HERB |
|
Linaria vulgaris Hill |
Butter-and-eggs |
0 | | | | | 2 | 2 | | 2 | 3 | | | 3 |
|
P-HERB |
|
Melampyrum lineare Desr. |
Cow-wheat |
9 | | | 2 | | | | | | | | | |
FACU |
A-HERB |
|
Penstemon hirsutus (L.) Willd. |
Northeastern beardtongue |
6 | | | 1 | | | | | | | | | |
|
P-HERB |
|
Verbascum blattaria L. |
Moth mullein |
0 | | 2 | | | | | | | 2 | | | |
UPL |
B-HERB |
|
Verbascum thapsus L. |
Common mullein |
0 | | 2 | 2 | 1 | | 2 | | 2 | 2 | 2 | | 2 |
|
B-HERB |
|
Veronica arvensis L. |
Corn speedwell |
0 | | | | | | | | | 3 | | | |
|
A-HERB |
|
Veronica officinalis L. |
Common speedwell |
0 | | | 3 | 2 | | | 2 | | 3 | 2 | 3 | |
FACU- |
P-HERB |
|
Veronica peregrina L. |
Neckweed |
0 | | | | | | | | | 3 | | | |
FACU- |
A-HERB |
|
Veronica persica Poir. |
Bird's-eye speedwell |
0 | | 3 | | | | | | | | | | |
|
A-HERB |
|
Veronicastrum virginicum (L.) Farw. |
Culver's root |
9 | | | | | | | | | | | 2 | |
FACU |
P-HERB |
| |
| Smilacaceae |
Smilax herbacea L. |
Carrion flower |
4 | | | 2 | 2 | | | 2 | | | | | |
FAC |
W-VINE |
| |
| Solanaceae |
Physalis heterophylla Nees |
Clammy ground-cherry |
2 | | | | | | | | | | | | 2 |
|
P-HERB |
|
Solanum americanum Mill. |
Black nightshade |
1 | | | | | | | | 2 | 1 | | | 2 |
FACU- |
P-HERB |
|
Solanum carolinense L. |
Horse-nettle |
0 | | | | | | | | | 1 | | | |
UPL |
P-HERB |
|
Solanum dulcamara L. |
Nightshade |
0 | | 3 | | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |
FACU |
P-HERB |
|
Solanum tuberosum L. |
Potato |
0 | | | | | | | | | | 1 | | |
|
P-HERB |
| |
| Taxaceae |
Taxus cuspidata Siebold & Zucc. |
Japanese yew |
0 | | | | | | | | | | | 1 | |
|
W-SHRUB |
| |
| Tiliaceae |
Tilia americana L. |
Basswood |
6 | | | | | | | | | | | 1 | |
FACU |
W-TREE |
| |
| Ulmaceae |
Celtis occidentalis L. |
Hackberry |
6 | | | | 1 | | | 1 | 2 | | | 3 | |
FACU |
W-TREE |
|
Ulmus americana L. |
American elm |
1 | | | 3 | | 2 | | 2 | 2 | | | | |
FACW- |
W-TREE |
|
Ulmus rubra Muhl. |
Red elm, Slippery elm |
2 | | | 1 | 1 | | | 1 | | | | | |
FAC- |
W-TREE |
|
Ulmus procera Salisb. |
English elm |
0 | | | | | | | | | | 2 | | |
|
W-TREE |
| |
| Urticaceae |
Parietaria pensylvanica Muhl. |
Pellitory |
6 | | | | | | | | | | | 2 | |
|
A-HERB |
|
Pilea pumila (L.) A.Gray |
Clearweed |
4 | | | | 2 | 2 | | 2 | | | | | |
FACW |
A-HERB |
|
Urtica dioica L. |
Stinging nettle |
1 | | 3 | 2 | 2 | | 2 | | 2 | 2 | | | |
FACU |
P-HERB |
| |
| Verbenaceae |
Phryma leptostachya L. |
Lopseed |
5 | | | 1 | 2 | | | | | | | | |
FACU- |
P-HERB |
|
Verbena urticifolia L. |
White vervain |
4 | | | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | | 1 | | |
FACU |
P-HERB |
| |
| Violaceae |
Viola palmata L. |
Early blue violet |
6 | | | | | | | | | | | 1 | |
|
P-HERB |
|
Viola pubescens Aiton |
Downy yellow violet |
5 | | | | | | | | | | | 2 | |
|
P-HERB |
|
Viola sagittata var. ovata (Nutt.) Torr. & A.Gray |
Ovate-leaved violet |
6 | | | 1 | | | | | | | | | |
FACU |
P-HERB |
|
Viola sororia Willd. |
Wooly blue violet |
2 | | | 2 | | | | | 2 | | | 3 | |
FAC |
P-HERB |
| |
| Vitaceae |
Parthenocissus quinquefolia (L.)
Planch. |
Virginia creeper |
3 | | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 1 |
FACU |
W-VINE |
|
Vitis aestivalis Michx. |
Summer grape |
6 | | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 |
FACU |
W-VINE |
|
Vitis labrusca L. |
Fox grape |
8 | | | 2 | | | | | | | | | |
FACU |
W-VINE |
| |
| Family |
Species |
Common name |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
| Total: |
Total: |
Total species: |
| |
98 | 180 | 122 | 119 | 92 | 104 | 97 | 121 | 73 | 169 | 70 |
| |
| 76 |
402 |
Native: |
| |
36 | 129 | 78 | 63 | 39 | 64 | 59 | 49 | 18 | 122 | 20 |
| |
|
|
Exotic: |
| |
62 | 51 | 44 | 56 | 53 | 40 | 38 | 72 | 55 | 47 | 50 |
| |
|
| Unknowns: |
| |
| Asteraceae |
Prenanthes sp. |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | 1 | |
|
P-HERB |
| |
| Betulaceae |
Betula sp. (B. lenta ?) |
Black birch |
| | | 1 | | | | | | | | | |
|
W-TREE |
| |
| Celastraceae |
Euonymus sp. (E. europaeus ?) |
European spindletree |
| | | 1 | | | | | | | | | |
|
W-SHRUB |
| |
| Linaceae |
Linum sp. |
|
| | | 1 | | | | | | | | | |
|
HERB |
| |
| Rosaceae |
Amelanchier sanguinea ? |
Roundleaf Juneberry |
| | | | | | | | | | | 1 | |
|
P-SHRUB |
|
Crataegus sp. (C. crus-galli ?) |
Cockspur hawthorn |
| | | | | | 1 | | | | | | |
FACU |
W-SHRUB |
|
Crataegus sp. (C. pruinosa ?) |
Frosted hawthorn |
| | | | | | | 1 | | | | | |
|
W-SHRUB |
| |
| Scrophulariaceae |
Linaria sp. |
|
| | | 1 | | | | | | | | | |
|
P-HERB |
| |
| Grand total: |
Grand total: |
| 77 |
410 |
| |
| |
| * indicates species is designated as invasive by Pennsylvania DCNR (Gresham 2000) |
| ^ indicates species has not been vouchered in this study, either because it was too rare or too difficult to collect |
| |
| FOOTNOTES: |
| |
| CC |
A coefficient of conservatism is a numerical quality rating from 0 to 10. Weedy species that are adapted to human disturbances like roadsides and old fields are assigned low values, and conservative species that only grow in mature forests (or other high quality natural areas) are assigned high values. |
| H |
Horse Paddocks—A mixture of old fields, horse paddocks, and a cornfield.Dominated by nonnative plants. |
| C |
Conifer Forest—Diverse, upland, acidic woods that contains seven conifer species and a rich herbaceous flora. |
| P1 |
Red Pine Plantation—Large stand of red and white pines with surprisingly diverse mixture of native herbs in the understory. |
| P2 |
Scotch Pine Plantation—Young stand of Scotch pine and associated landscape. |
| B |
Barrens—Future site of the restored pine barrens. Currently used as pasture. Heavily grazed and dominated by exotic species. |
| M |
Mesophytic Forest—Small patch of forest along Big Hollow Road. |
| R |
Railroad Bed—Historic Bellefonte Central Railroad bed. Currently maintained by frequent bikers and runners. |
| A |
Agricultural Fields—Severely disturbed areas dominated by exotic, weedy plant species. Constitutes a considerable portion of the total area of the arboretum. |
| G |
Grassland—Future site of restored native grassland. Currently used as hay fields and dominated by exotic plants. |
| O |
Oak Forest—Mature and diverse upland forest with a white oak canopy, a red oak understory, and a rich herbaceous flora. |
| F |
Flower Gardens—Future site of the flower gardens. Currently used as a hay field and dominated by exotic plants. |
| |
| USFW Code |
The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service developed these wetland codes: |
| |
| |
OBL = obligate weltand species |
| |
FACW = facultative wetland species |
| |
FAC = facultative species |
| |
FACU = facultative upland species |
| |
UPL = upland species |
| |
| Habit |
Description of Plant Habits: |
| |
| |
W-TREE Woody plant that is large and arboreal when mature. |
| |
W-SHRUB Woody plant the size of a shrub when mature. |
| |
W-VINE Woody plant that trails through and climbs up other vegetation. |
| |
H-VINE Herbaceous plant that trails and winds through other plants. |
| |
A-HERB Annual herbaceous plant that germinates, produces seed, and dies in one year. |
|
B-HERB Biennial herbaceous plant that forms a rosette the first year and produces fruit the second year. |
| |
P-HERB Perennial herbaceous plant with underground perennating structures that allow it to live for many years. |
| |
A-GRS Annual grass (Poaceae) |
| |
P-GRS Perennial grass (Poaceae) |
| |
P-SDG Perennial sedge (Cyperaceae) |
| |
P-FERN Non-flowering, spore-producing perennial ferns |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |